国立竞技场
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融合日本特色的体育场,与明治神宫森林相得益彰——新国家体育场的外观融入了日本传统建筑的多层“屋檐”。屋檐是传统日本建筑的重要组成部分,根植于日本的气候环境。它们有助于创造环保建筑,阻挡阳光并为看台带来宜人的微风。
此外,为了与明治神宫外苑的丰富绿意相融合,体育场的高度被降低,屋檐上种植了本土植物。大型平屋顶采用悬臂结构,由约60米长的国内木材和钢材框架构成。这座世界级的体育场结合了日本传统、气候和技术。
利用风改善看台的热环境——“风之御庇Kaze no Obisashi”通过有效引入季节性风,改善了看台和场地的热环境,同时通过顶部排出内部的热量和湿气。屋檐上格栅的间距 “开口比例” 根据建筑的方向而变化。南东侧的间距较窄,以捕捉夏季微风并将其引导至看台,而北侧的间距较宽,以在冬季引导风进入屋顶。
追求卓越的结构性能和施工可行性——为了在有限的施工周期内实现优质和耐久性,悬臂屋顶和看台采用简单的钢框架结构,周边方向重复相同的结构。基础和观众座椅大量使用预制材料。采用软首层阻尼结构,软下层配备油阻尼器,有效吸收地震能量。
Stadium with Japanese-ness, blending in with the surrounding Meiji Shrine forest - The exterior of the new National Stadium integrates Japanese-ness with multilayered “eaves.” Eaves are a component of traditional Japanese architecture, an established structure rooted in the Japanese climate. They contribute to creating environmentally friendly architecture by blocking sunlight and bringing a pleasant breeze to the stands.
Furthermore, in order to blend in with the rich greenery of the Meiji Shrine’s Outer Garden, the stadium height is minimized and the eaves are vegetated with native species. The large, flat roof is cantilevered, consisting of frames about 60m-long made of domestic wood and steel. This world-class stadium combines Japanese tradition, climate and technology.
Improved thermal environment for the stands by utilizing wind - “Kaze no Obisashi (grand eaves of the wind)” improves the thermal environment of the stands and field by effectively bringing in seasonal wind, while removing the heat and humidity from inside the stadium through the top. The spacing (opening ratio) between the lattices on the eaves varies according to the direction of the building. The south-southeast side is narrower to capture the summer breeze and direct it to the stands, whereas the north side is wider to divert the wind in the winter and direct it inside the roof.
Seeking superior structural performance and workability - In order to achieve superior quality and durability within the limited construction period, the cantilevered roof and stands are constructed of a simple steel frame, made of the same structure repeated in the circumferential direction. Precast materials were heavily used for the foundation and spectators’ seats. Employing a soft-first-story damping structure, the soft lower level with oil dampers effectively absorbs earthquake energy.