Longhouse platform
下载所需积分: 2
☉ Longhouse 平台是 Naive 在 2024 年由图尔库市推广的一个提案。该项目位于芬兰图尔库的一个工业和海边环境中。其规模为中型，面积为 8,323 平方米，预算为 4,100 万欧元，每平方米造价为 4,926 欧元。主要材料是混凝土、金属和玻璃。以下是同一竞赛中的其他四个提案的审查。
该地点的动态性质正在改变，其靠近大海和图尔库城堡的位置使得设计任务变得复杂。因此，该建筑必须在许多挑战、意义和概念的边缘运作。因此，该概念围绕三个主要思想进行：第一是讲述这个地方的历史。多年来，Linnanniemi 的主要推动力是造船厂和港口。该地区的生活围绕这些功能展开。水平船只及其垂直桅杆的存在是这个地方的固有特征。建筑的形式参考了这种几何结构，主要以水平线条为主，结合垂直点缀。立面的节奏也取自工业、港口的构图。
第二个是实时的城市创建。这一方面通过融入背景的城市框架得以体现——延续建筑线条，优先考虑在城市全景中的图尔库城堡，以及最大限度地激活外部空间。城市一侧的功能通过露台和花卉草地向公众开放，而整个展览空间则向海开放。第三个是激发未来。现代美学和技术解决方案激发了用户的想象力。巨大的木柱和细钢桁架构件创造了构图上的张力，通过精致的锋利玻璃和柔软的纺织品的对比得以支持。这些邀请我们共同创造未来。通过这种方式，博物馆成为一个常青之地，因为它谈论过去，运作当下，创造未来。
城市景观
建筑在城市结构背景框架内恭敬地占据土地。合理分配的功能使得建筑紧凑且高效——其占地面积有利于环境方面，高度则有利于展示图尔库城堡的全景。目标是温和地填补城市空白，换句话说——博物馆就像刚刚到达港口的一艘船。将博物馆位置移动到最靠近海岸线的目的是在城市一侧生成城市广场。这丰富并创造了博物馆的内部计划。开放的功能变得活跃且充满生命力，而展览设施则保持与海洋的直接和沉思的联系。使用类型的梯度框架丰富了访客的体验，从动态的城市生活到纯净的自然交织在一起。
场地
城市广场是一个欢迎、绿色和多功能的空间。被即将成为住宅区的区域、海港酒店和博物馆所环绕，形成了几乎是内部空间的连续体，充满了植物和建筑延伸的城市生活。通过其地形形状，它帮助从地块的每个角落到达建筑的地面层，使用弯曲的旅程般的小径或简短简单的坡道——这照顾了残疾人和老人。公共草地由完全本地的物种、花卉、草本植物、灌木和树木组成。其区域内提供了自行车、电动滑板车和汽车的停车位。雨水罐位于建筑的东侧。在这一侧，预见到了建筑的潜在扩展。
广场的顶层是露台的层次。这些边缘的形状与地形融为一体，并参考了岩石。露台的优势在于每个人都可以绕建筑行走并直接进入房间，而房间在夏季可以向外扩展。因此，工作坊的外部空间位于西侧前角，合作伙伴功能——餐厅和咖啡厅的露台位于中间部分，而中心元素是通向主入口的微妙坡道。东侧前部用于活动空间。不过，博物馆南部——展览室可以完全打开，与海滨长廊的外部空间融为一体。
建筑和功能
在博物馆的功能方案中需要实施明确的秩序。程序有三个主要层次——开放向广场的城市层次，包含大厅和辅助设施的服务层次，融合海洋的展览层次。主大厅连接了合作伙伴的功能——一侧是餐厅、咖啡厅和联合办公空间，另一侧是礼堂、活动空间和 DIY 房间。然而，它与向海一侧开放的展览室保持直接联系。这使得大厅成为中心部分和主要节点。建筑完全是横截面透明和双面向的。
两个垂直核心对称地放置在大厅的两端，通向 DIY 和联合办公区域，这些区域通过跨越大厅的桥相互连接。在顶部是技术房间。这一夹层是因为程序高度的多样性及其高效分布而存在的。操作系统参考了长屋的类型学，在长屋中，每个人在一个共同的屋顶下聚集，具有同等重要性，正交房间创造了序列，建筑语言暗示了造船工业区的历史场所，通过垂直钢丝悬挂的雨棚、节奏美学和和谐的绝对形式与之对话。
经济、结构和系统
由于经济和环境原因，高度也受到限制——较小的体积需要更少的能量。结构完全模块化，因此它是高效的、预制的，并使未来的扩展优化和可行。建筑的设计方式是白天聚热，夜间排放，最大限度地减少机械系统的使用。由于不稳定的土壤条件，建筑的结构基于桩基础。这些桩支撑着基于木梁的基座。每个跨度由两个巨大的木柱组成，这些木柱支撑主要和次要的钢桁架。这种解决方案将柱子放置在建筑的外部周边，解放了房间。
隔墙设计为框架木结构，位于正交结构网格内。立面以传统方式设计为三层。底层——角度玻璃板，参考海浪，中间层——玻璃砖墙，顶层——以图案钢板完成的屋顶。建筑中使用了高效和生态系统，例如被动冷却、灰水系统和热回收。该解决方案将以降低碳足迹的方式运行。
☉ Longhouse platform is a proposal by Naive promoted by City of Turku in 2024. It is located in Turku Finland in an industrial and seaside setting. Its scale is medium with a surface of 8.323 sqm a budget of 41.000.000 € and a ratio of 4.926 €/sqm. Key materials are concrete, metal and glass. Review the other 4 proposals from the same competition.
The dynamics of the place, which is changing its character, and the immediate vicinity of the sea and the Turk castle make the design task complex. The building must therefore operate at the edge of many challenges, meanings and notions. Consequently, the concept oscillates around three main ideas. The first is to tell history of the place. Linnanniemi’s driver for years was mainly the shipyard and the port. The life of the district revolved around these functions. The presence of horizontal ships with their vertical masts is hence an inherent feature of the place. The building’s form refers to this geometry, dominated by horizontality combined with vertical accents. The rhythm of the façade is also taken from industrial, port compositions.
The second one is urban creation in real time. This aspect is present by fitting into the urban framework of the context – continuing the building line and giving primacy to the Turek Castle in the city panorama, as well as maximizing the activation of the external space. The city-side functions open through terraces and a flower meadow towards the public, while the entire exhibition space is open to the sea. The third is to stoke the future. Modern aesthetic and technical solutions are stimulating the imagination of the users. Massive timber columns and thin steel truss sections create compositional tension, supported by the contrast of sublime sharp glass and soft textiles. These invite us to create the future together. In this way, the museum becomes a perennial place, as it talks yesterday, operates today and creates tomorrow.
Cityscape
The building respectfully occupies the land within the frame of the urban structure context. Properly distributed functions made the building compact and efficient – the footprint beneficial to the environmental aspects and the height to expose the Turku Castle panorama. The aim is to gently fulfil the urban void, in other words – as the museum would be one of the ships that just arrived in the harbour. The intention of shifting the position of the Museum to the closest proximity of the shoreline is to generate urban plaza on the city-side. This enriches and creates the interior program of the Museum. The open functions get active and full of life while exhibition facilities stay in direct and contemplating contact with the sea. The framed gradient of usage typologies diversifies the visitors’ experience, crossing the paths from dynamic city life to the pure nature.
Site
The urban plaza is a welcoming, green and multifunctional space. Surrounded by the soon-to-be housing area, the Seaport Hotel and The Museum creates a sequence of nearly interior spaces, full of flora and urban life extension of the building. By its topographical shape it helps to reach the ground level of the building from every corner of the plot using curved journey-like pathways or short and simple ramps – this takes care of disabled and old people. The public meadow is composed by fully native species, flowers, grasses, shrubs and trees. Within its area parking places for bikes, e-scooters and cars are provided. The storm water tank is located on the east side of the building. On this side potential extension of the building is foreseen to happen.
The top level of the plaza is the layer of the terraces. The edge of these is shaped in a way it blends with the topography and refers to rock. What is provided thanks to the terraces is that everyone can walk around the building and enter the rooms directly, while the rooms can extend towards exterior during summer. So, the workshop exterior space is located in the frontal west corner, partners functions – the restaurant and the cafe terrraces are placed in the middle part, while the central element is a subtle ramp to the main entrance. The frontal east side is to be used as an event space. Nonetheless, the south of the Museum – exhibitions rooms have the possibility to fully open and become integrated with the exterior space of the sea promenade.
Architecture and program
Clear order has to be implemented in the functional scheme of the Museum. There are three main layers of the program – urban one, which opens to the plaza, service one, which contains hall and auxiliary facilities, exhibition one, which blends with the sea. The main lobby connects partners’ functions – restaurant, cafe and coworking on the one side and auditorium, event space and diy room on the other side. However, it stays in direct connection with exhibition rooms, which open to the seaside. This makes the lobby central part and main node. Building is completely transversal, transparent and dual-aspect.
Both of the vertical cores symmetrically placed on the ends of hall lead to the level occupied by diy and coworking areas, which are also interconnected by the bridge crossing the lobby. On top of it technical rooms are located. This mezzanine level exists because of the diversity of program heights, and its efficient distribution. While the operational system refers to the typology of the longhouse, where everyone gathered under one common roof had equal importance and orthogonal rooms create sequence, the architectural language alludes to the historical places of the ship industry area, speaking to it by suspended on vertical wires canopies, rhythmic aesthetic and harmonious absolute form.
Economy, Structure and Systems
The height is limited also due to the economical and environmental reasons – smaller volume requires less energy. The structure is fully modular, so that it is efficient, prefabricated and makes the future extension optimised and feasible. The building is designed in a way it gathers the heat in the day and exhausts it over the night, minimising the use of mechanical systems. Due to the unstable soil conditions the structure of the building is based on piles foundations. These hold the plinth based on timber beams. Each of the spans is composed of two massive timber columns which support the primary and secondary steel trusses. This solution places columns on the external perimeter of the building liberating the rooms.
Partition walls are designed in the framed timber structure which lays in the orthogonal structural grid. Facade is, in a classical way, designed in three layers. Bottom one – angled glass panels are referring to the sea waves, the middle one – glass brick wall, and the top one – roof finished by patterned steel plate. In the building highly efficient and ecological systems were used, such as passive cooling, grey water systems and heat recovery. The solutions will perform in a way to lower the carbon footprint.
