Villa Stenersen

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斯特纳森别墅 “Villa Stenersen” 被认为是挪威功能主义 “或现代主义” 的最重要范例之一,也是科尔斯莫 “Arne Korsmo” 最知名的作品之一。

这座房子已被挪威文化遗产局列为文化遗产建筑,正在逐步进行翻新,以恢复其原有的颜色和材料。罗尔夫·斯特纳森 “Rolf Stenersen” 于1974年将别墅捐赠给挪威国家,用作首相官邸,但只有一位挪威首相曾住过这里 “奥德瓦尔·诺尔利”。2014年春天,国家艺术、建筑和设计博物馆接管了斯特纳森别墅的管理,并负责向公众展示该建筑的设计与建筑风格。

当阿恩·科尔斯莫开始设计斯特纳森别墅时,功能主义作为建筑学派已经得到了牢固确立。然而,科尔斯莫对创新和未测试方案的兴趣,使得他的别墅作品代表了一种全新的风格。斯特纳森别墅以其高度国际化的风格而著称,被认为是科尔斯莫职业生涯中的重要作品,也是挪威功能主义的杰作之一。

罗尔夫·斯特纳森的委托是为斯特纳森一家设计一座单户家庭住宅。但同样重要的是,这座房子还必须能够容纳斯特纳森的艺术收藏。除此要求外,斯特纳森几乎没有对房屋的外观和设计提出任何其他要求,科尔斯莫所获得的自由裁量权在房屋的设计中表现得非常明显。正如科尔斯莫在几年后指出的那样:“当功能、材料和形式的理解成为那些希望建造某物的人所追求的活生生的审美理想时,这将对建筑师的资质提出更严格的要求,建筑将再次成为充满生机的艺术表现,表达着对生命的喜悦和对人类的信任。因此,一个愿意信任建筑师的业主有权得到最好的成果。”

Villa Stenersen is regarded as one of the foremost examples of Norwegian functionalism (or modernism) and is one of Korsmo’s most well-known works.

The house has been listed as a heritage building by the Directorate for Cultural Heritage, and refurbishments are gradually being carried out to restore the building to its original colours and materials. Rolf Stenersen donated the villa to the Norwegian state in 1974 to be used as the prime minister’s residence, but only one Norwegian prime minister ever lived there (Oddvar Norli). In spring 2014 the National Museum of Art, Architecture and Design took over the administration of Villa Stenersen and was put in charge of presenting the house’s architecture and design to the public.

By the time Arne Korsmo began working on Villa Stenersen, functionalism had already firmly established as a school of architecture. Nonetheless, the architect’s interest in innovative and untested solutions meant that his villas represented something entirely new. Characterized by its highly international style, Villa Stenersen is considered a major work both in Korsmo’s career and in Norwegian functionalism.

Korsmo’s commission from Rolf Stenersen was to design a single-family house for the Stenersen family. But just as importantly, the house would have to accommodate Stenersen’s art collection. That provision aside, Stenersen had few if any demands concerning the house’s appearance and design, and the free reins given to Korsmo may be clearly seen in the house and its design. As Korsmo himself noted a few years later “When the understanding of function, material, and form becomes a living aesthetic ideal for those who want something built, this will manifest itself as a stricter demand on the architect’s qualifications, and architecture will once again become the living, artistically powerful expression of the vibrant joy of life and of human trust. An owner who takes a leap of faith with the architect is therefore entitled to the best possible result.”

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