苏黎世美术馆
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由David Chipperfield Architects Berlin设计的苏黎世艺术博物馆新扩建项目，将现有的苏黎世艺术博物馆扩建，位于大教堂和大学之间。苏黎世艺术博物馆如今是瑞士最大的艺术博物馆，包括四座不同时代的建筑——莫泽大楼 “1910年”、菲斯特大楼 “1958年”、米勒大楼 “1976年” 和目前的奇柏菲尔德扩建部分 “2020年”。新的独立建筑容纳了古典现代主义收藏品、伯勒收藏品、临时展览和1960年以后的艺术作品。
基于2007年发布的中央校园总体规划，位于城市广场Heimplatz东侧的博物馆建筑和Schauspielhaus剧院形成了艺术的门户，作为通往教育区的城市入口。在这里，苏黎世大学的大型独立建筑物就像一串北向延伸的珍珠。
扩建的城市概念设想在广场北部的明确几何体上安置一个建筑。建筑形式从场地北侧于1842年建造的旧州立学校汲取灵感，它以其建筑上的清晰度定义了城市框架。城市规划确定了两个新的外部空间：南部的城市广场，四周被建筑物环绕，以及北部的艺术花园，作为一个开放而通透的自然环境。一个横跨整个建筑长度的宽敞入口大厅，连接了这两个新的城市空间。由于它的低门槛可及性，它同样作为机构和城市之间的公共联系。一个位于广场下方的游客通道将新建筑与现有的苏黎世艺术博物馆连接起来，形成一个机构实体。
建筑身份的模式是基于传统的石材立面，就像现有的苏黎世艺术博物馆和苏黎世许多其他重要的公共建筑一样。因此，这个扩建项目融入了一个表达启蒙式公民社会的建筑文化中。新建筑通过由当地侏罗纪石灰岩制成的纤细垂直翼片，表面锯成，并定期安排在立面上，以一种现代方式将建筑嵌入其城市和文化背景中。
内部组织基于“房间之屋”的概念。这个想法在房间的不同设计中得到了体现，包括大小、方向、材质和照明，使每个房间都有自己的特色，创造出一个多样化的空间序列。所有的公共功能，如咖啡馆/酒吧、活动大厅、博物馆商店和博物馆教育服务，都安排在底层中央入口大厅周围，而上两层则专门用于展示艺术作品。各种尺寸的展览空间都以宁静的材质和丰富的日光特色为特征——一楼为侧光，二楼为天窗，将艺术作品的直接体验置于游客体验的中心位置。
The new Kunsthaus Zürich extension, designed by David Chipperfield Architects Berlin, expands the existing Kunsthaus museum, situated between the Grossmünster church and the university. The Kunsthaus Zürich now represents the largest art museum in Switzerland, comprising four buildings from different eras – the Moser building (1910), the Pfister building (1958), the Müller building (1976) and now the Chipperfield extension (2020). The new freestanding building houses the collection of classic modernism, the Bührle collection, temporary exhibitions and art from 1960 onwards.
Based on the Central Campus masterplan published in 2007, the museum buildings and the Schauspielhaus theatre located on the east side of the urban square Heimplatz, form a gateway of the arts as an urban entry to the education mile. Here, the large freestanding buildings of Zurich’s universities are lined up like a string of pearls leading northwards.
The urban concept for the extension envisaged the placement of a clear geometric volume on the northern edge of the square. The building form takes inspiration from the old cantonal school, built in 1842 to the north of the site, which defines the urban frame with its architectural clarity. The urban plan defines two new external spaces: the urban square to the south, framed on all four sides by buildings and the new Garden of Art to the north as an open and permeable natural environment. An expansive entrance hall, spanning the full length of the building, creates a link between these two new urban spaces. Due to its low-threshold accessibility it likewise acts as a public link between the institution and the city. A visitor passageway running underneath the square connects the new building with the existing Kunsthaus, creating one institutional entity.
The architectural identity is modelled on traditional stone façades, as found in the existing Kunsthaus and many other significant public buildings in Zurich. The extension is therefore embedded in a building culture that is an expression of an enlightened civil society. The new building combines tradition and innovation through slender vertical fins crafted from local Jurassic limestone with sawn surfaces and placed at regular intervals in the façade, embedding the building it its urban and cultural context in a contemporary manner.
The internal organisation is based on the concept of a ‘house of rooms’. This idea finds its expression in the different design of the rooms in terms of size, orientation, materiality and lighting, giving each its own character and creating a diverse sequence of spaces. All public functions such as the café/bar, events hall, museum shop and museum education services are arranged around the central entrance hall at ground floor level, while the two upper floors are reserved exclusively for the display of art. The varyingly dimensioned exhibition spaces are characterised by a calm materiality and an abundance of daylight – side light on the first floor and skylight openings on the second floor – placing the immediate experience of art at the centre of the visitor experience.
Architect: David Chipperfield Architects Berlin Partners: David Chipperfield, Christoph Felger (Design lead), Harald Müller